FIRST Robotics Competition robots are composed of a large amount of electronics devices to run and control the different functions of the robot.

Control System

The control system is the brains of the robot. It runs the code created by the Programming Team, processing inputs from sensors around the robot, and sending commands to motors and other devices.

Devices

Power Distribution

Power for the robot comes from one larger 12V battery, and must be spread out thought the robot to ensure that all the devices onboard get the power that they need and provides surge and overcurrent protection to the devices.

Devices

Radio

The radio connects the robot to the driver station during practice, and to the field during competitions.

Devices

Motors and Controllers

Motors are how the robot moves around the field and drives the mechanisms to interact with game elements and the field. Each motor needs a controller to translate signals from the control system to voltage applied to the motor.

Devices

Devices are divided into motors and controllers, however some motors may have their controllers integrated.

Motors

Controllers

Vision

Vision uses onboard cameras to observe the field and the game pieces to determine the robots location on the field, and the relative location of objects, making it possible to have to robot path to a location automatically.

Devices

Sensors

Robots use a variety of sensors to gain data about the position of mechanisms and game pieces inside of the robot.

Devices

Servos

Servos are a type of motor that use their own feedback loop to reach a position set in the robot code.

Devices

Pneumatics

Pneumatics use air pressure instead of electronic power to move components of the robot

Devices

There are two main types of electrical devices when it comes to pneumatics. The controllers, which takes electrical commands from the control system and translates them to other devices, and pressure devices that create and use air pressure.

Controllers

Pressure Devices